LAPACK/ScaLAPACK Development

I'm trying to install CLAPACK-3.2.1 on ubuntu9.04, which is running on VirtualBox3.2.8. And the host‘s OS is win7. The installation process is carried out under the instruction of README.install.

While I successfully finish the first three steps( tar, make f2clib, make blaslib, to be specific, no error reported ), problems begin to occur in the 4th one:
cd CLAPACK/BLAS/TESTING; make -f Makeblat2
cd CLAPACK/BLAS
xblat2s < sblat2.in
xblat2d < dblat2.in
xblat2c < cblat2.in
xblat2z < zblat2.in
cd CLAPACK/BLAS/TESTING; make -f Makeblat3
cd CLAPACK/BLAS
xblat3s < sblat3.in
xblat3d < dblat3.in
xblat3c < cblat3.in
xblat3z < zblat3.in
It's expected to get some output files *.SUMM, but I don't see any.

However, I proceed the 5th step: cd CLAPACK/SRC; make; Sadly, I got error report as follows:
ar: ../INSTALL/slamch.o: No such file or directory
make: *** [../lapack_LINUX.a] Error 1
But I have slamch.c under /INSTALL/. I'm bewildered why there's no slamch.o file generated.

Any hints about the problems? Also, it's said that I should copy the generated *.a files to /usr/local/lib/. Is that all before I can use CLAPACK? ( Sorry to bother you with such a question, I'm not familiar with Linux yet :-(. )

Just type make in the CLAPACK directory
That should solve your compilation problem.
Julie

Thank you for your helpful reply!

But I got an error report while I run the example program given on the FAQ 1.9 : http://www.netlib.org/clapack/faq.html#1.5
test.c: In function ‘main’:
test.c:52: warning: format ‘%d’ expects type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘integer’
/tmp/ccgaWXqm.o: In function `main':
test.c:(.text+0x160): undefined reference to `dgesvd_'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

To be specific, after renaming make.inc.example make.inc, and I make directly.
After successful compilation, I got
blas_LINUX.a, lapack_LINUX.a, tmglib_LINUX.a and F2CLIBS/libf2c.a.

Then I copy the four *.a files to /usr/local/lib ( I prefix 'lib' to *.a filenames also ).
Also I copy
INCLUDE/clapack.h, INCLUDE/f2c.h, INCLUDE/blaswrap.h
to
/usr/local/include
Lastly, I type the command
/sbin/ldconfig

Then I run the program:
sudo gcc -o test test.c
here, I got error report as mentioned above.
Is there anything wrong? Or how to include the CLAPACK correctly?

By the way, I make again when I have some *.a files in the CLAPACK directory, and I get the following error reports:
Time for 1,000,000 SAXPY ops = .00 seconds
*** Error: Time for operations was zero
Including SECOND, time = .00 seconds
Average time for SECOND = .00 milliseconds
Time for 1,000,000 DAXPY ops = .00 seconds
*** Error: Time for operations was zero
Including DSECND, time = .00 seconds
Average time for DSECND = .00 milliseconds
Does any body have any hints?

Thank you in advance!
by dehiker

I find that I don't have any basic knowledge about how to use static libraries before. Sorry :-(
After reading how to use static libraries as mentioned in "LInux Programming Bible", I restarted as follows:

make in CLAPACK directory, and then
cp lapack_LINUX.a liblapack_LINUX.a
cp blas_LINUX.a libblas_LINUX.a
ranlib libblas_LINUX.a
ranlib liblapack_LINUX.a

cd F2CLIBS/
cp libf2c.a liblibf2c.a
ranlib liblibf2c.a

cp liblibf2c.a ../

Finally, I copy the example program listed on http://www.netlib.org/clapack/faq.html#1.5 to CLAPACK/test.c, then compile and link with the command :
gcc -Wall -o test test.c -L. -I./INCLUDE/ -lblas_LINUX -llapack_LINUX -llibf2c -lm
Here I get many errors, some of which as follows:
./liblapack_LINUX.a(dgesvd.o): In function `dgesvd_':
dgesvd.c:(.text+0x3cf8): undefined reference to `f2c_dgemm'
dgesvd.c:(.text+0x40f7): undefined reference to `f2c_dgemm'
dgesvd.c:(.text+0x5327): undefined reference to `f2c_dgemm'
dgesvd.c:(.text+0x57d0): undefined reference to `f2c_dgemm'
dgesvd.c:(.text+0x6ab2): undefined reference to `f2c_dgemm'
./liblapack_LINUX.a(dgesvd.o):dgesvd.c:(.text+0x6df9): more undefined references to `f2c_dgemm' follow
./liblapack_LINUX.a(dbdsqr.o): In function `dbdsqr_':
dbdsqr.c:(.text+0x66c): undefined reference to `f2c_dscal'
dbdsqr.c:(.text+0x762): undefined reference to `f2c_dswap'
dbdsqr.c:(.text+0x7b6): undefined reference to `f2c_dswap'
dbdsqr.c:(.text+0x800): undefined reference to `f2c_dswap'
dbdsqr.c:(.text+0xdab): undefined reference to `f2c_drot'
dbdsqr.c:(.text+0xe13): undefined reference to `f2c_drot'
dbdsqr.c:(.text+0xe75): undefined reference to `f2c_drot'
./liblapack_LINUX.a(dlasq1.o): In function `dlasq1_':
dlasq1.c:(.text+0x1ec): undefined reference to `f2c_dcopy'
dlasq1.c:(.text+0x220): undefined reference to `f2c_dcopy'
./liblapack_LINUX.a(dgebrd.o): In function `dgebrd_':
dgebrd.c:(.text+0x403): undefined reference to `f2c_dgemm'

It seems that libf2c is not linked successfully. But I think I do have linked the lib, as "-llibf2c" in the gcc command.
What's wrong with what I did? Any ideas?

Thanks a lot!

dehiker

dehiker wrote:It seems that libf2c is not linked successfully. But I think I do have linked the lib, as "-llibf2c" in the gcc command.

That should be -lf2c -- you omit the initial "lib" from the name
of libraries to link.

Thank you, cottrell!

But the problem is still not solved. In fact, I've renamed libf2c.a as liblibf2c.a ( maybe it's not a good habit? ). I think maybe I've something wrong during the compilation process?
make in CLAPACK directory, and then
cp lapack_LINUX.a liblapack_LINUX.a
cp blas_LINUX.a libblas_LINUX.a
ranlib libblas_LINUX.a
ranlib liblapack_LINUX.a

cd F2CLIBS/
cp libf2c.a liblibf2c.a
ranlib liblibf2c.a

cp liblibf2c.a ../

Best regards!
dehiker

dehiker wrote:Thank you, cottrell!

But the problem is still not solved. In fact, I've renamed libf2c.a as liblibf2c.a ( maybe it's not a good habit? ).

No, definitely not ;-). Just use the correct linker syntax.

Note also that you have the order of liblapack and libblas wrong in
your linker invocation. It should be

Code: Select all

-llapack -lblas -lf2c


lapack needs symbols from blas (but not vice versa), therefore blas should
appear after lapack so that the linker knows which symbols are required.

Thank you so much, cottrell! Problems solved!

I find the order of the libraries in my linker invocation is of the issue. And executable file generated successfully while I use the following command:

Code: Select all

gcc -Wall -o test2 test.c -I./INCLUDE -L. -llapack_LINUX -lblas_LINUX -llibf2c -lm

Thank you all for your great help! Best regards!

dehiker

@dehiker:

Thank you for documenting your efforts so well here. Reading this thread completely solved my problem. Cheers!

I had same problem thanks.

Man! What a crazy confusion is to compile clapack...

I had the same problems of dehiker, qiaoshiya and vailderiss. And in the end there was also a twist with the includes:
This:

Code: Select all

#include "clapack.h"
#include "f2c.h"

is a great trap (for a noob like me) and its wrong. I had to "cat ./INCLUDE/f2c.h" to see that clapack.h needs declarations from f2c.h.

Word of advise:
NEVER CHANGE THE ORDER OF THE #INCLUDES lol

The correct version is this:

Code: Select all

#include "f2c.h"
#include "clapack.h"